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Carl Frederik von Breda
Carl Frederik von Breda (August 16, 1759 – December 1, 1818) was a Swedish painter who studied in and spent much of his career in Britain before becoming painter to the Swedish court. He was born in Stockholm in 1759, and moved to Britain where he was a student of Joshua Reynolds. Breda specialized in painting portraits and was called "the van Dyck of Sweden". He returned to Sweden 1796 where he became Professor at the Academy of Arts, a popular portraitist, and a court painter. Breda married at age 22 and his son, Johan Fredrik, was also a painter, who studied under his father. Breda died in Stockholm in 1818.
==Early life==
Breda's great-grandfather Pieter emigrated to Stockholm around the year 1670 from the Netherlands. The "von Breda" family name seems to indicate a connection with the city of Breda. ''Von'' is not a Dutch preposition but in the Nordic countries this originally German preposition has occasionally been used as a part of names of ennobled families of native or foreign, but non-German, extraction. Pieter's son Lucas (Carl's grandfather, 1676–1752) was a successful painter. His son Lucas (Carl's father, 1726–1799) was an "arbitrator in cases of shipwreck", who also collected art.〔 Lucas the younger married Johanna Cornelia Piper and they had five children, with Carl born on August 16, 1759. Carl had "an excellent education" and enrolled in the Royal Swedish Academy of Arts at age 19.〔
At the Academy, Breda studied historical and portrait painting. Lorens Pasch the Younger was Breda's master there, and Breda's early work shows this influence clearly, especially in his color palette. In 1780 Breda received the first of many prizes for his art, and in 1784 he exhibited 19 paintings in the first exhibition which the Academy arranged. The same year saw his first royal portrait, of Duchess Hedvig Elisabeth Charlotte, sister-in-law to King Gustavus III. He also painted the Crown Prince, Gustavus Adolphus, and Gustavus III himself.〔
In 1786 he entered a competition in historical painting at the Academy, producing a painting on the theme of ''Meleager, the Greek Prince''. He lost to Jonas Åkerstrøm, according to Asplund "the selection was influenced by the better financial position of Breda, since he was able to provide the money for the journey abroad which the prize money was to make possible."〔 Breda had married at age 22 and he and his wife had at least one son, so instead of the usual young artist's trip to Paris and Rome, he chose to go to London, where his family could accompany him.〔 In London, Breda's son Johan Fredrik von Breda, was born in 1788.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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